American Foreign Policy And Foreign Aid - 1366 Words

American Foreign Policy and Foreign Aid America tends to involved herself in many other countries affairs. This creates large amounts of national debt, war, and in some cases enemies. I believe that the American government should leave other counties alone until they decrease nation debt, decrease unemployment rate, and end our current complications with other countries. For those of you who do not know what foreign policy is, it is the way that America’s government interacts with other countries. Foreign aid is the amount of money and any other services that America’s government gives to other countries. This includes any gift, loan or credit. This also includes any training service, property, personal technical advices or agricultural commondimently (Foreign Assistance Act of 1963). An example of U.S. foreign policy was during the late 1930s and early 1940s during WW2 when we had a hands off policy because we were suffering from the great depression but after Pearl Harbor was attacked we joined the War (Na tional WW2 Museum, pg 1). An example of U.S. foreign aid is the 3.1 billion dollars that we give to Israel (U.S. State Government 2013-2014 Foreign Assistance Report) America has always had a strong influence on the rest of the world, and has always been relied and depended upon by other countries for money and Aid in general. Approximately 76% of all the countries in the world receive American aid (U.S. State Government 2013-2014 Foreign Assistance Report). This isShow MoreRelatedThe Truman Doctrine Was A United States Foreign Policy1574 Words   |  7 PagesThe Truman Doctrine was a United States foreign policy established by President Harry S. Truman (1945-1953) in 1947. The policy stated that the US would provide military and financial support to Greece and Turkey to prevent them from falling to communism. This started a policy of â€Å"containment† which would persist for many years to come. After World War II left most of the world devastated, the US and the Soviet Union emerged as the two global superpowers and despite being allies during the war, theRead MoreIsolationism in Post-World War I America1451 Words   |  6 PagesIn Geor ge Washingtons farewell speech he warned the American people to beware the insidious wiles of foreign influence. Though it was never put into law, this statement has played a major role in the American foreign policy of isolationism. American isolationist sentiment stems from the fact that America is geographically isolated from the rest of the world. American isolationist sentiment was at its peak in the years following World War I. In the war of 1914-1918 that had set the stage on whichRead MoreForeign Policy : An Overview Of Major Trends Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pages Foreign policy is a policy that is pursued by nation in its dealings with other nations that is designed to achieve national objectives. Therefore, the general objectives are to guide activities and develop a relationship of one nation through the interaction with another nation. Moreover, this development of foreign policy is somehow influence by international considerations as the policies or the behavior of ot her foreign governments and the peoples through negotiation, other measurement shortRead MoreForeign Policy Is Shaped Based On The Best Interests Of The Country1600 Words   |  7 PagesForeign policy is shaped based on the best interests of the country. When establishing foreign policies, the focus will be on advancing the goals of the nation. Foreign policy guides how America conducts business as well as develops political, and social relations with other countries. National interests covers a wide array of topics from trade, to economics, to terrorism. When America was first established, the only goals was to prevent European dominance. Once Europe was prevented from colonizingRead MoreThe Sovereignty Solution By Simons, Mcgraw And Lauchengco Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pagesin the way Americans characterize their nation s strategy. The authors perceive that despite their considerations and recommendations are not the truly the ultimate solution, they may in any event awaken some truly needed debate relating to the issue. All through the content, the authors construct their case for the radical move in procedure in a terse and reasonable form. In the book The Sovereignty Solution by Simons, McGraw and Lauchengco, the fundamental subject is that American individualsRead MoreHispaniola Essay1135 Words   |  5 PagesNevertheless, the United States intervened in other Latin American countries, including the Dominican Republic and Haiti, to prevent social uprisings which threatened to de-stabilize the island of Hispaniola. In 1913 a threat of a revolution in the Dominican Republic brought an American squadron to the coast. Tensions began to subside until May of 1916, when the next revolution occurred. The U.S. navy landed sailors, while the commanding Admiral threatened to bombard the capital, Santo Domingo, unlessRead MoreEssay on The Benefits of Foreign Aid1625 Words   |  7 Pagesaside for foreign assistance programs. Only one-half of one percent is actua lly allocated and spent through the agency, stated J. Brian Atwood, head of USAID, at the International Development Conference on January 1995. In addition, U.S. Foreign Assistance levels are at their lowest levels in over 50 years (Ten Questions Commonly Asked About U.S. Foreign Assistance Programs, March 6, 1995). The United States should continue providing assistance to poverty-stricken countries because American benefitsRead MoreTo what extent did the goals of American foreign policy change in the years 1930-1941? For what reasons did these goals change?1205 Words   |  5 PagesThe 1930s were a difficult time for most Americans. Faced with colossal economic hardships—unprecedented in American history—many Americans turned inward to focus on the worsening situation at home. The United States became increasingly insensitive to the obliteration of fellow democracies at the hands of brutal fascist leaders like Hitler and Mussolini. The U.S. was determined to stay out of war at all costs—even if its allies were in trouble; Americans believed that they were immune from Europe’sRead MoreEssay about American Foreign Policy and Global Activism928 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican foreign policy has gone through many changes during our 200 years as an independent nation; our position as a global power has obligated us to participate in world affairs, even when public opinion has been unsupportive. After World War 2 we were only rivaled by the Soviet Union as a superpower; our policy at the time was to establish a righteous world order while simultaneously protecting that order against threats that could tear it down (i.e.: communism). After the end of the cold warRead MoreThe Changes the Obama Adminsitation Has Made in Foriegn Policy959 Words   |  4 PagesThe US has received criticisms due to its post-9/11 foreign policy. Its policy created shifts in alliances and became a polarizing issue both domestically and internationally. The US has had a significant shift since Barack Obama took office, moving away from the foreign policy that was in place under George W. Bush. †¢ Discuss the major changes the Obama administration made to US foreign policy. †¢ Analyze these changes in the context of the international system level, state level, and individual

Cross-Cultural Psychology - 1179 Words

Running head: CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY Cross-Cultural Psychology Charlene Marasco PSY/450 Sally Fleming March 28, 2011 Cross-cultural psychology Cultural psychology is an interdisciplinary program of research that explores the relationship between individual minds and the complex environments in which they are deployed. The approach focuses on the contribution that content-rich, complex environments – ranging from workplaces to cultural traditions to nation states – make in shaping basic cognitive processes. The comparative approach, or cross-cultural approach, uses experimental methods†¦show more content†¦the knowledge and principles established earlier on to consider how cross-cultural psychology can contribute ... and work, communication and training, health behaviour, and the role of psychology (Berry W. J., Poortinga H. Y., Segall H.M., amp; Dasen R.P., 2002). Methodology Methodology in cross-cultural psychology can be divided into two categories: quantitative and qualitative. Methodology in cross-cultural psychological studies are the popular methods used by cross-cultural psychologists and offers critical proposals about the process of gathering facts and interpreting data in comparative studies(Shiraev amp; Levy, 2010, p.,28). Qualitative research is carrying out mainly in a natural setting, where the research participants carry out their daily activities in a non-research atmosphere. Qualitative studies are also conducted when there are difficulties in measuring variables, in situations when the subjects cannot read or use answer scales or when there are no standardized measurement instruments available. Qualitative research is also useful in situations in which variables are not completely conceptualized or operationally defined. The qualitative method can be useful when the experiences and priorities of the research participants heavily influence the research (Shiraev amp; Levy, 2010, p., 29). Quantitative methodology is a measure of correlation in research conducted inShow MoreRelatedCultural Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology3267 Words   |  13 Pagessimilarities between cultural psychology and cross-cultural psychology. Describe the differences between cultural psychology and cross-cultural psychology. Cross cultural psychology and cultural psychology are two fields of psychology that are often confused. Cross-cultural psychology and cultural psychology have many similarities and they differ in a few areas. Cross-cultural psychology is a comparative field of psychology that studies the cultural effects on human psychology. A cross-cultural study drawsRead MoreThe Cross Cultural Psychology : Research And Applications Book1917 Words   |  8 Pagesthe Cross-Cultural Psychology: Research and Applications book, chapter three’s content is on individual development: childhood, adolescence and adulthood. It is primarily split into two parts, first part being Childhood and adolescence and second part being Adulthood. This chapter examines cross-cultural variations in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. After a discussion of cultural notions of childhood and adolescence they present evidence on how childhood experiences can describe cross-culturalRead MoreCross Cultural Psycholog y1160 Words   |  5 PagesCross-Cultural Psychology Samantha Mortinsen 9/18/2011 Psy/450 Dorothy Rodwell Cross-Cultural Psychology Culture, we all have grown up knowing one, or at times more than one, kind of culture. Everyone has different beliefs and ways of doing things and this usually has to do with our culture and the way we have been raised and brought up. This type of psychology looks into these many different cultures and studies how they affect us as humans and our development, mental processes, and behaviorRead MoreCross Cultural Psychology And Social Psychology1723 Words   |  7 PagesUnit 13 Signature Assignment Cross-cultural psychology involves the examination of relationships between cultural context and human behavior (Berry, Poortinga, Breugelmans, Chasiotis and Sam, 2011, p. 2). Research in the area of cross-cultural psychology is aimed at comparing specific covert and overt behaviors of two or more cultures. More specifically, cross-cultural psychology examines the â€Å"†¦similarities and differences in psychological functioning in various cultural and ethnocultural groups†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Read MorePhysical Psychology And Cross Cultural Psychology991 Words   |  4 Pagesalso able to use my knowledge from my psychology coursework at Gorge Mason University. Two psychology coursework that helped me at NVAFS head start school this semester were abnormal psychology and cross-cultural psychology. At NVFS I got to teach tennis and help around the school. I was able to meet a 5 year old child who was being observed because the school psychologist believes he might have a learning disability and have ADHD. With the abnormal psychology I was able to see the symptoms he wasRead MoreDefining Cross Cultural Psychology1155 Words   |  5 PagesCross-Cultural Psychology Stephanie Sorrell Psychology 450 February 24, 2014 Dr. Jenne Meyer Cross-Cultural Psychology Introduction Psychology is the scientific study of human behavior. There are many different branches and fields of psychology. The field of psychology that will be discussed within this paper is called cross-cultural psychology. Cultural psychology will also be discussed. To begin these types of psychology will be defined and the so the differences and similarities betweenRead MoreIntroduction to Cross-Cultural Psychology1133 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: Introduction to Cross-Cultural Psychology Anne Solomon Diversity and Cultural Factors in Psychology/PSY450 Professor Iman Turner July 3, 2011 Introduction to Cross-Cultural Psychology Cross-cultural psychology is the critical and comparative study of the effects on human psychology. Cross-cultural psychology draws its conclusions from at least two samples that represent at least two cultural groups. Because cross-cultural psychology is about comparisons, it is crucialRead MoreThe Purpose of Cross-Cultural Psychology1100 Words   |  4 PagesCross-cultural psychology Cultural psychology concerns itself with the significant links or connections that there are between the psychology of individuals within a culture and their psychology. Cultural psychology emphasizes on the relevance of human behavior to understanding the psychology of the individual if only the sociocultural setting and context in which the behavior occurs. One good instance of this is the way religious views about extramarital activities shapes the behavior and the attitudesRead MoreCross Cultural Journey : The Field Of Psychology1940 Words   |  8 PagesCross-Cultural Journey Historical Background The field of Psychology became part of my passions due to family experience, church experience, and general beliefs of education and work. Firstly, during school, I had spent the majority of middle school with bored and disengaged partially everything. Math, English, Business, and other subjects varied in taste for me. Math and Science classes are the place where I succeed the most. I enjoyed math because of the structure that it possessed but never foundRead MoreCross Cultural Psychology Notes Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesWhose values count? Culture: any group sharing values, beliefs, customs â€Å"†¦isms† ethnicism/racism sexism heterosexism (homophobia) classism ageism prejudice against disabled religious bigotry Cultural Competence Familiarity with other groups culture Know thyself People including students, therapist, profs, are humans first and Three challenges to know about yourself Humans rarely contemplate the origin, validity or meaning of their value Humans underestimate the arbitrariness

World Wide Web and the Internet-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelpc.com

Questions: 1. What is the Internet? 2. What is the World Wide Web? 3. What is the relationship between the World Wide Web and the Internet? 4. What are three purported differences between the World Wide Web as it first emerged, and the more recent Web 2.0? 5. What are APIs and why are they significant to Web 2.0? Answers: 1.What is the Internet The Internet or simply called NET in common words, can be defined as the worldwide system of interconnected computer networks. The internet system uses the global IP suite that is the internet protocol suite like the TCP/IP that is the transmission control protocol and the internet protocol to link several devices globally (Abd-Alhameed et al., 2014). It can also be defined as the network of interconnected networks which consist of the private, public and global networks linked by various broad array of wireless, electronic devices and networks. The internet project was developed in the late 1969 by the Advanced Research Projects Agency also known as the ARPA and the project was named as the Arpanet project. The Arpanet was designed for researchers in the institutes for communication and sharing resources. This was the beginning of the thing which the world knows as the INTERNET in the modern generation. 2.What is the world Wide Web The world wide web or the WWW is a space in the internet where the web pages, internet sources like the documents are kept. These sources are formatted in such a way that the informations available ion the www is accessible only by the HTTP or HTTPS format (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secured). The www was originally designed by the CERN corporation in the late `1990s (Choo, Detlor and Turnbull, 2013). It became a revolution in making the shape of the internet as we see today. In the beginning of the world wide web was repository of text enabled web sites that were mainly hosted by the organisations that were technically enhanced enough and also had the knowledge of the HTML that is the hypertext mark-up language. Later the www evolved from the original design, and in the recent times it includes dynamic web pages like the social media sites and also the user generated content sites. 3.What is the relationship between the World Wide Web and the Internet The internet can be called as the term which is used for the identification of the massive network of the interconnection of the networks globally. Where as the world wide web or the www is a simple application of the internet, which is runs over the interconnection of the networks That is the is a general name for addressing the internet via the HTTP or the HTTPs. When someone is referring the internet, it means the refrying the physical hardware or wireless connections that are used (Perea, Jensen and Jorba, 2012). IT comprises of the computer, cables, repeaters, switches and many more things of networking. Where as the www stores the contents of the internet like the text web pages, dynamic web pages and other such things. The governing body of the internet is the IP and the governing body of the of the www is the https (Ackermann, and Hartman, 2014). It can be said that the www is most common use of the internet. Other applications of the internet apart from the www are the FTP, SMTP, POP and others. 4.Differences between the World Wide Web and Web 2.0 The three purported differences between the www1 and www2 are: The web 1.0 used the basic static pages which were developed by the organisation which had huge technical access and the knowledge of the html to present or display information about something which could be read by a user. The pages in the web1 were non-editable by the users at the time (Aghaei, Nematbakhsh and Farsani, 2012). With the development of the web, the web 2.0 came to existence and the now the web pages have the abilities for the visitors to make changes in the web pages In the web 1.0 which did not have the ability of the of the http or the https that is with the website, it was not possible for the user to move from one page to the others. With the introduction of the web 2.0, now the pages were advanced and secured by the https server. One can move from one page to other and come back to the same page. The web 2.0 provides a better and richer user experience and interactivity to the users. Also, the social interactions have become easier with time. 5.What are APIs and why are they significant to Web 2.0? Application program interface or the API are one of the most significant part of the web 2.0. API are the machine-readable interfaces, that allows the one application or software to communicate with another piece of software when required (Gadre and Gupta, 2018). API creates new scopes for the developers to enhance the web interaction for any user. References Abd-Alhameed, R.A., Rodriguez, J., Gwandu, B.A., Excell, P.S., Ngala, M.J. and Hussaini, A.S., 2014. Green Wireless Internet Technology. Ackermann, E. and Hartman, K., 2014.The information specialist's guide to searching and researching on the Internet and the World Wide Web. Routledge. Aghaei, S., Nematbakhsh, M.A. and Farsani, H.K., 2012. Evolution of the world wide web: From WEB 1.0 TO WEB 4.0.International Journal of Web Semantic Technology,3(1), p.1. Choo, C.W., Detlor, B. and Turnbull, D., 2013.Web work: Information seeking and knowledge work on the World Wide Web(Vol. 1). Springer Science Business Media. Gadre, D.V. and Gupta, S., 2018. Application Programming Interface (API). InGetting Started with Tiva ARM Cortex M4 Microcontrollers(pp. 95-100). Springer, New Delhi. Perea, E.A., Jensen, M.J. and Jorba, L. eds., 2012. Digital media and political engagement worldwide: A comparative study. Cambridge University Press.

Cultural Dynamics in Assessing Global Markets

Marketing has been recognized as the core element that can either break or make a business. However, while domestic marketing poses myriad of challenges to marketers; international marketing is even more challenging owing to the fact that foreign marketers have to override numerous economic, social, legal, political and cultural barriers which are present in foreign locations.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Cultural Dynamics in Assessing Global Markets specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the same note, whereas the aforementioned factors are equally important, culture is the pinnacle in international marketing since overlooking cultural differences may lead to poor performance of the adopted marketing strategies. Nonetheless, Czinkota and Ronkainen (66-72) have identified various cultural strategies that a marketer must take into consideration before venturing into international marketing. To begin with, a marke ter can adopt culturally congruent strategy whereby marketing strategies do not deviate from the norm so as to minimize cultural resistance. However, this strategy ignores the idea of product differentiation without which a product might not achieve a competitive edge in foreign market (Czinkota Ronkainen 65). Secondly, is the culturally distinct strategy whereby a marketer introduces some minor changes to commonly practiced market strategies with an aim of achieving product differentiation (Czinkota Ronkainen 65). Contrastingly, this strategy might not work if the differences are rejected by the consumers especially in conservative markets (Czinkota Ronkainen 66). Finally, a marketer might decide to adopt culturally disparate strategies by ignoring the underlying marketing norms available in foreign culture. Instead, a marketer uses advertising and communication avenues to sell the different idea (Czinkota Ronkainen 68). However such a strategy is highly risky since it is diffi cult to speculate the kind of attitudes it is likely to yield among consumers (Czinkota Ronkainen 68). As epitomized above, cultural factors come into play in foreign marketing. For this reason, foreign marketers must always exhibit some form of cultural empathy while designing marketing programs. Czinkotaand Ronkainen (71) underscore that cultural empathy is important because by putting themselves into foreign customers position, marketers are able to understand and appreciate the cultural disparities that exist. Moreover cultural apathy eliminates any form of cultural apathy and ignorance and consequently shields international marketers from obvious mistakes. In addition, foreign marketers can achieve cultural empathy by adopting culturally congruent marketing strategies (Czinkota Ronkainen 72).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the same note, it is imperative to menti on that peoples’ culture is influenced by social institutions that are present in particular societies (Czinkota Ronkainen 68). These social institutions include family, religion, school, the media, government, and corporations. They all have the ability to shape culture in one way or the other (Czinkota Ronkainen 69). For instance, Islamic religious belief that pig is unclean has shaped Muslims culture towards abstinence from pork products. In addition, the presence of educational institutions impacts on society since literacy shapes culture. Similarly, the above element affects marketing because marketers have to consider the characteristics of social institutions while designing their marketing program (Czinkota Ronkainen 72). For instance marketing program directed towards a literate culture is not similar to those aimed at literate cultures. This implies that social institutions modify consumers’ behavior (Czinkota Ronkainen 75). Apparently, any marketer willi ng to succeed especially in global markets that are highly competitive ought to dedicate considerable effort towards this cause. However, in the jurisdiction of their duty marketers come across various economic and cultural challenges which are more often beyond their control, yet they have to employ milestone effort to override these barriers. Therefore, marketing can be viewed as interplay between marketer’s effort cultural and economic elements. Besides constrains of culture, foreign marketers are also caught in the quagmire of language disparities. Language constrains comes into play because of variations in terms of vocabularies, symbols meaning and taboo words (Czinkota Ronkainen 86). Therefore, a marketer has to ensure that symbols vocabularies and idiomatic expressed contained in promotional features do not derive unintended meaning to the consumer (Czinkota Ronkainen 87). In a nutshell, it is imperative to reiterate that international marketing is more challenging than domestic marketing owing to the myriad of challenges that mostly arise from cultural and language differences. Works Cited Czinkota, Michael Ronkainen, Ilkka. International marketing (4 ed.). Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning, 2007. PrintAdvertising We will write a custom report sample on Cultural Dynamics in Assessing Global Markets specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This report on Cultural Dynamics in Assessing Global Markets was written and submitted by user Israel West to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Strategic Analysis (SWOT and PEST) of Elecdyne The WritePass Journal

Strategic Analysis (SWOT and PEST) of Elecdyne SECTION 1 Strategic Analysis (SWOT and PEST) of Elecdyne SECTION 1INTRODUCTIONSWOT ANALYSIS OF ELECDYNEPEST ANALYSISFinal Recommendations:SECTION 2METHODOLOGYINTERNATIONALIZATIONCHINAINDIABRAZILCOUNTRY OF INVESTMENTREFERENCESRelated SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION As it is written in the case study about Elecdyne that the company is actually facing problems and is unable to grow itself since the last 2 years. Elecdyne is a Japanese company based in Tokyo and was established in 1990. They initially started with 5 employs and now it has 100 employs producing a range of Elecdyne products such as televisions, VCRs, DVD players, MP3 players, hi-fi equipment etc using technology licensed from a number of   Japanese and European multinationals. It currently supplies only to the Japanese market. The problems that Elecdyne is facing is the general threats (and opportunities) that is been created by an increasingly globalized business environment like innovations in the products, rapid increase in the technology and changing in the nature of competition. Now the company needs to focus on how it will come out of this situation through an analysis and SWOT analysis will give a brief idea about the company’s internal and external factors. SWOT ANALYSIS OF ELECDYNE Before we do a swot analysis of Elecdyne first we should what actually swot analysis is? SWOT analysis is basically method to look at the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of any company. Usually we do swot analysis just to see at the internal and external environment of the country just to analyze the environment that whether the conditions are favorable or not. This technique   was created by   Albert Humphrey. PEST ANALYSIS Before doing pest analysis first we should know about pest analysis. PEST analysis has 4 things in it which are Political, Economic, Social and Technological. The reason of doing it is to know about the macro environment. â€Å"In analysing the macro-environment, it is important to identify the factors that might in turn affect a number of vital variables that are likely to influence the organization’s  supply and demand  levels and its costs† (Kotter and Schlesinger, 1991; Johnson and Scholes, 1993). â€Å"PEST analysis is a useful strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations.† (Kotler 1998) Final Recommendations: The above analysis shows the current situation of Elecdyne and it shows that the company is in a very bad position. To get out of such situation the company needs to make some strategies and these strategies are discussed below: As we know that Elecdyne is working in the Japanese market since the last 20 years and so they have a pretty good knowledge about Japanese market. Their experience can play a vital role in operating in that huge market. First of all they have to do some research and find out that what type of products do customer need and should focus on that. As Elecdyne is not very much advanced in the technology so of course they should also focus on the technology. For example now Blu-ray technology is getting very common in the world and Japan being a very advance country in technology so Elecdyne should focus on improving the technology in its products. Another problem that Elecdyne is facing that its losing its key employs and it should focus on retaining them. Elecdyne needs a cheap labour which is very difficult to find in Japan because in Japan the wage rate is very high so Elecdyne needs to relocate their location and look for some place where there is very cheap wage rate and they should also look for low price raw material so that the production cost can also reduce. Recently japan has been from the worst disaster of earthquake so Elecdyne can also focus on the CSR activity by which their name can also be known in the social activity in Japan. Elecdyne should also focus on technology for selling its products all around the world and the best way of doing that is the internet. If people from all around the world can get access to the rpoducts of Elecdyne so their sale can increase but as I have mentioned above that they should try to reduce the prices of their products because the biggest competitor Elecdyne has is Sony which is a huge name in world and of course if the products of Sony and Elecdyne will be of same price so people will definitely prefer Sony but if Elecdyne products will be cheaper so people might choose the products of Elecdyne. The main strategies that Elecdyne should focus on are as follows: Relocation of production where there is cheap labour and raw material. Should improve the technology. Make easy access of their products all around the world through the internet. SECTION 2 Elecdyne is a Japanese company which is operating in Tokyo and currently only selling their products to the local market. As the current situation of the company is below average and it has stopped growing since the last 2 year and due to that it has start losing its key employs to their competitors. Now the company is focusing on internationalization and looking to relocate the company and want to minimize its cost. They are looking for cheap labour rate and cheap raw material which is not possible in Japan because Japan labour rates are high. The employs of Elecdyne are well educated and most of them have done their higher education from USE, CANADA and UK which clearly means that when going internationally English landguage is not going be an issue for the emplos. As I have mentioned before that main reason of going to another country is to minizing the cost. METHODOLOGY The method that will be used is PEST analysis which actually focuses on the macro environment of the country. INTERNATIONALIZATION After having lots of discussions and meetings among the top management the three countries that they have decided to choose are, China India Brazil CHINA China is one of the biggest countries of the world having the area of (3,705,407 sq mi) (wikipedia.com) with the biggest population (1.3 billion) (google.com 2011). China currently has the GDP of $4.99 trillion (google.com) with a growth rate of 9% (tradingeconomics.com). China today is one of the biggest industries of producing goods because of its cheap labour and huge man power. The policies of Chinese government are relatively easy and most of the products are produced or assembled in China. When investing in China the companies 1st should look at the Marco environment of the country and for doing that pest analysis is the best way of doing that. INDIA India again is one of the biggest countries of the with the population of 1.17 billion (google.com) with the total land of 1,269,219 (sq mi)   which is 7th in world (Wikipedia.com). Since the last decade India’s economy has been boosting up doing to lots of foreign investments. The GDP of India is 1.31 trillion US dollars (google.com) with a growth rate of 8.3% and ranking 10th in the world as far as growth rate is concern. In India when companies want to invest so there are no complications when it comes to the government policies because the companies only need to report to RBI (Reserve Bank of India). The Indian government also support the FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) and the taxes on the business sector are not very high so this also gives a relief to the foreign investment. India has a very huge man power as they are 17.3% of the world population (Wikipedia.com) and due to this the labour rate in India is relatively cheaper than other countries of the world. To see t his in more details the pest analysis of India will give a much better idea of the Macro environment of the country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Political   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Economic Government supports the FDI For industries taxes are very low. No precedning approval needed. The company only has to report to RBI(Reserve Bank of India) within 30 days of foreign investment Labour is relatively cheaper Has enough man power Boost in the GDP in last decade ($1.31 Trillion  US dollars)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Social   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Technological Can decrease the unemployment in the country. Has a rapid increase in the technology in the last decade. BRAZIL Brazil is another country whose economy is boosting up. We have talked about India and China but Brazil’s economy is also rapidly increasing and currently its GDP is $1.57 Trillion US dollars (google.com) and the rate from which it is increasing is with the rate of   0.7% (tradingeconomics.com) in the last year. The government of Brazil is inviting the international business which is resulting in less employment and increase in the economy. The trading policies are also not very strict and taxes for trading are relatively low. The only issue that Elecdyne can have is Brazil is very far away from Japan and the cost in the logistics will be high. The government of Brazil also supports the FDI To see that Brazil will be a good option for Elecdyne to invest here is the pest analysis of Brazil. COUNTRY OF INVESTMENT As we have done pest analysis of 3 countries to find out that in which we have to invest and by doing that what I will recommend is to invest in India. India is one of the biggest democratic country of the world. The very first reason of doing this is the tax rate of India on the business is very low and India government is still looking for foreign companies to invest in their country and the biggest reason of doing is to decrease the unemployment from the country. Being the 2nd biggest country in the world (as far as population is concern) the employment in India is still a problem with the people of India. The only problem that Elecdyne might have in India is there is some corruption in the government. If we see into this so this may not effect Elecdyne but still there might be a possibility that this might affect the company. Another factor that India has a very low labour rate and if we compare the currency of India and Japan so there is not a very huge difference but if we comp are the currencies of other countries that we have analysed so India will be the cheapest. When it comes to logistics so the distance between the two countries is not too much. The transportation that can be used are, rail, trucks, plane etc. India is a very advance country and they also have technology and if Elecdyne need some technology they can import it without worrying of high taxes. When investing in India Elecdyne is not require to wait for a long time all they have to to do id the report to the RBI( Reserve Bank of India) just before the 30 days of investment. Since the last 6 or 7 years now the stability in India is very good and companies who have invested in India have minimize their cost and due to a huge population in India the number of buyers have increased. The biggest competitor of Elecdyne is Sony and as we discussed above that Elecdyne have to minimize the price of its products so that people prefer their products because of low price there are people in India wh o are price oriented rather than quality so in my opinion India is the best country to invest. REFERENCES Albert Humphrey (1960s) Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis (Accessed on 26th march 2011) Kotter and Schlesinger (1991), Johnson and Scholes (1993) Available at: coursework4you.co.uk/essays-and-dissertations/pest-analysis.php ( Accessed on 26th march 2011) Earthquake-report.com (2011) Available at: http://earthquake-report.com/2011/03/16/catdat-estimated-direct-loss-after-japan-tsunami-100-billion-us/ (Accessed on 26th march 2011). Wkipedia.org(2011) Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_and_outlying_territories_by_total_area (Accessed on 27th march 2011). Google.com(2011) Available at: google.com/publicdata?ds=wb-wdimet=ny_gdp_mktp_cdidim=country:CHNdl=enhl=enq=what+is+the+gdp+of+china (Accessed on 27th march 2011). Trading economics.com Available at: tradingeconomics.com/Economics/GDP-Growth.aspx?Symbol=CNY (Accessed on 27th march 2011) Google.com(2011) Available at: google.com/publicdata?ds=wb-wdimet=sp_pop_totlidim=country:INDdl=enhl=enq=what+is+the+population+of+india (Accessed on 27th march 2011). Google.com Available at: google.com/publicdata?ds=wb-wdimet=ny_gdp_mktp_cdidim=country:INDdl=enhl=enq=what+is+the+gdp+of+india (Accessed on 27th march 2011) Indexmudi.com Available at: indexmundi.com/india/gdp_real_growth_rate.html (Accessed on 27th march 2011) Wikipedia.com Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population (Access on 27th march 2011). Google.com Available at: google.com/publicdata?ds=wb-wdimet=ny_gdp_mktp_cdidim=country:BRAdl=enhl=enq=gdp+of+brazil (Accessed on 27th march 2011). tradingeconomics.com Available at: tradingeconomics.com/Economics/GDP-Growth.aspx?Symbol=BRL (Accessed on 27th march 2011)

Biological theories have no relevancy in explaining crime. How far do Essay

Biological theories have no relevancy in explaining crime. How far do you agree with this statement - Essay Example In order to find a rational explanation of crime, a large number of theories have been propounded. Various factors such as evil spirit, sin, disease, heredity, economic maladjustments etc., have been put forward either singly or together to explain criminality. 2. Free-will theory: Beccaria, the founder of modern criminology denounced the earlier religious fallacies and myths to explain crime. He laid greater emphasis on mental phenomenon of the individual and attributed crime to the free will of the individual. This doctrine implied the notion of causation in terms of the free choice to commit crime by a rational man seeking pleasure and avoiding pain. 4. Ferri believes that crime is the synthetic product of three main factors (i) Physical or geographical (2) Anthropological and (iii) Psychological or social. He emphasized that criminal behavior is an outcome of a variety of factors having their combined effect on the individual. 6. Criminality is XYY Syndrome: Socio-biologists and geneticists studied chromo somatic pattern of criminals and linked it with criminal behavior. X and Y are sex chromosomes persons inherit from their parents. Male infants are typed with XY while female infants with XX pattern. Y chromosome is aggressive and X is passive. However the unusual XYY chromosome pattern leads to aggression and criminality. There is no one royal way to lay out the sociology of crime: some have classified its component theories by their supposed political leanings (liberal, conservative and radical, for instance); some by their attentiveness or inattentiveness to gender; some by their alleged foundational assumptions about the character of the social world (classical, positivist, ‘social constructionist’ and the like); some by their chronology; some by the great men and women who propounded them; and others by schools of thought. Crime, after all, is centrally bound up with the state’s attempts to impose its

Employment Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Employment Law - Essay Example The company should complete the ET3 form so that they can be able to defend the claimant’s claim of unfair dismissal then present it to the employment tribunal within 28days from the time it received the claimants form. The Employment tribunal is mandated to listen to cases that arise in employment, concerning the employer or the employees over their employment rights. If the company does not present its ET3 form to the employment tribunal default judgment is likely to be entered against them, which will then preclude the company from taking part in the proceedings. If the respondent presents their ET3 form to the tribunal, the tribunal has the power to order for disclosure of all the relevant materials pertaining to the case. The employment rights are enumerated under the employment rights act. The act provides under section 36 that an agreement will be deemed to be terminated upon the last day of the period that is agreed upon. The company gave Jack a notice of termination o f his employment and therefore by virtue of the notice his employment was terminated upon the lapse of the period given for termination. ... When it comes to poor performance and misconduct the employment rights act stipulates under sections 38(2) and (3) that an employer shall only terminate the employee’s contract of employment if there is no other cause of action that can be taken. Further, the act states that, when there is a charge made against the employee for misconduct or poor performance the employee should be given the chance to respond to such a charge. It is after the employee has responded to such a charge that the employer can then effect his termination. Gross misconduct is whereby the employee conducts himself so badly that his behaviour ruins the relationship between him and his employer that leads to immediate dismissal. In the above case, the company did not give the employee an opportunity to reply to a charge of misconduct or poor performance. The company raised the allegations of his misconduct and poor performance after his contract had already been terminated. We see that it is only after th e termination of Jack’s contract that the employer became aware of the fact that he had a drinking problem and discovered the empty bottles of alcohol in his desk. Apart from Jack coming to work in an unacceptable condition, all the reasons were brought up after the employee had left the premises of the company that proves that he was not given a chance to respond to any charge that was brought against him and he was neither given a reason for his termination. The company acted wisely in giving the employee a notice of termination instead of instant termination. The tribunal considers instant termination seriously; it looks to see if the employer’s reasons for termination were reasonable and if it was fair considering the circumstances of the case. This will mean